Table of standard electrode potentials
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The values below are standard electrode potentials taken at 25°C in aqueous solution.
| Cathode (Reduction) | Half-Reaction Standard Potential E° (volts) |
|---|---|
| Li+(aq) + e- → Li(s) | -3.04 |
| Rb+ + e- → Rb (s) | -2.98 |
| K+(aq) + e- → K(s) | -2.93 |
| Cs+(aq) + e- → Cs(s) | -2.92 |
| Ba2+(aq) + 2e- → Ba(s) | -2.91 |
| Sr2+(aq) + 2e- → Sr(s) | -2.89 |
| Ca2+(aq) + 2e- → Ca(s) | -2.76 |
| Na+(aq) + e- → Na(s) | -2.71 |
| Mg2+(aq) + 2e- → Mg(s) | -2.38 |
| Al3+(aq) + 3e- → Al(s) | -1.66 |
| Mn2+(aq) + 2e- → Mn(s) | -1.19 |
| 2H2O(l) + 2e- → H2(g) + 2OH-(aq) | -0.83 |
| Zn2+(aq) + 2e- → Zn(s) | -0.76 |
| Cr3+(aq) + 3e- → Cr(s) | -0.74 |
| Fe2+(aq) + 2e- Table of standard electrode potentials → Fe(s) | -0.41 |
| Cd2+(aq) + 2e- → Cd(s) | -0.40 |
| Co2+(aq) + 2e- → Co(s) | -0.28 |
| Ni2+(aq) + 2e- → Ni(s) | -0.23 |
| Sn2+(aq) + 2e- → Sn(s) | -0.14 |
| Pb2+(aq) + 2e- → Pb(s) | -0.13 |
| Fe3+(aq) + 3e- → Fe(s) | -0.04 |
| 2H+(aq) + 2e- → H2(g) | 0.00 |
| Sn4+(aq) + 2e- → Sn2+(aq) | 0.15 |
| Cu2+(aq) + e- → Cu+(aq) | 0.16 |
| ClO4-(aq) + H2O(l) + 2e- → ClO3-(aq) + 2OH-(aq) | 0.17 |
| AgCl(s) + e- → Ag(s) + Cl-(aq) | 0.22 |
| Cu2+(aq) + 2e- → Cu(s) | 0.34 |
| ClO3-(aq) + H2O(l) + 2e- → ClO2-(aq) + 2OH-(aq) | 0.35 |
| O-(aq) + H2O(l) + 2e- → I-(aq) + 2OH-(aq) | 0.49 |
| Cu+(aq) + e- → Cu(s) | 0.52 |
| I2(s) + 2e- → 2I-(aq) | 0.54 |
| ClO2-(aq) + H2O(l) + 2e- → ClO-(aq) + 2OH-(aq) | 0.59 |
| Fe3+(aq) + e- → Fe2+(aq) | 0.77 |
| Hg22+(aq) + 2e- → 2Hg(l) | 0.80 |
| Ag+(aq) + e- → Ag(s) | 0.80 |
| Hg2+(aq) + 2e- → Hg(l) | 0.85 |
| ClO-(aq) + H2O(l) + 2e- → Cl-(aq) + 2OH-(aq) | 0.90 |
| 2Hg2+(aq) + 2e- → Hg22+(aq) | 0.90 |
| NO3-(aq) + 4H+(aq) + 3e- → NO(g) + 2H2O(l) | 0.96 |
| Br2(l) + 2e- → 2Br-(aq) | 1.07 |
| O2(g) + 4H+(aq) + 4e- → 2H2O(l) | 1.23 |
| Cr2O72-(aq) + 14H+(aq) + 6e- → 2Cr3+(aq) + 7H2O(l) | 1.33 |
| Cl2(g) + 2e- → 2Cl-(aq) | 1.36 |
| Ce4+(aq) + e- → Ce3+(aq) | 1.44 |
| MnO4-(aq) + 8H+(aq) + 5e- → Mn2+(aq) + 4H2O(l) | 1.49 |
| H2O2(aq) + 2H+(aq) + 2e- → 2H2O(l) | 1.78 |
| Co3+(aq) + e- → Co2+(aq) | 1.82 |
| S2O82-(aq) + 2e- → 2SO42-(aq) | 2.01 |
| O3(g) + 2H+(aq) + 2e- → O2(g) + H2O(l) | 2.07 |
| F2(g) + 2e- → 2F-(aq) | 2.87 |
See also
- electrochemical potential
Electronics Topics
The field of electronics is the study and use of systems that operate by controlling the flow of electrons or other electrically charged particles in devices such as thermionic valves and semiconductors. The design and construction of electronic circuits to solve practical problems is part of the fields of electronic engineering, and the hardware design side of computer engineering. The study of new semiconductor devices and their technology is sometimes considered as a branch of physics.
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